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Feeling brave? Don't mind reporting bugs? Enjoy giving feedback? Then we'd love you to take a sneak peak at the (unfinished work in progress) next version of Mu. These are unsigned installers:

If you're using Mu at EuroPython's beginners' day, this is the version you should install.

Download the latest version of PyCharm for Windows, macOS or Linux. PyCharm Coming in 2020.3 What's New Features Learning Center Buy Download. The only prerequisite for NumPy is Python itself. If you don’t have Python yet and want the simplest way to get started, we recommend you use the Anaconda Distribution - it includes Python, NumPy, and other commonly used packages for scientific computing and data science. NumPy can be installed with conda, with pip, or with a package manager on macOS and Linux.

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  2. Installing Python 3 on Mac OS X. The version of Python that ships with OS X is great for learning, but it’s not good for development. The version shipped with OS X may be out of date from the official current Python release, which is considered the stable production version.
  3. Python for Mac OS X. Python comes pre-installed on Mac OS X so it is easy to start using. However, to take advantage of the latest versions of Python, you will need to download and install newer versions alongside the system ones. The easiest way to do that is to install one of the binary installers for OS X from the Python Download page.
  4. There are many ways to install Mu. The simplest is to download the official installer for Windows or Mac OSX. If you find you cannot install Mu because the computer you are using is locked down, you should try out PortaMu: a method of running Mu from a pendrive on Windows or OSX. You can also use Python’s built-in pip tool.

Download the latest version of Python for Mac. A practical, multiparadigm programming language. Python is a free, open-source interpreted language that stands.

There are many ways to install Mu. The simplest is to download the officialinstaller for Windows or Mac OSX. If you find you cannot install Mu because thecomputer you are using is locked down, you should try out PortaMu: a method ofrunning Mu from a pendrive on Windows or OSX. You can also usePython’s built-in pip tool. Some Linux distributions come with Mu packagedalready (and you should use your OS’s package manager to install it). Finally,if you’re on Raspbian (the version of Linux for Raspberry Pi) you can installMu as a package.

If you’re a developer, you can find the source codeon GitHub.

Windows Installer

Mac OSX Installer

PortaMu - Run Mu from a Pendrive

Python Package

Raspbian


On Linux, in order for Mu to work with the MicroPython based devices you need to ensure you add yourself to the correct permissions group (usually the dialout or uucp groups). Also make sure that your distribution automatically mounts flash devices, or make sure to mount them manually.

The only prerequisite for NumPy is Python itself. If you don’t have Python yet and want the simplest way to get started, we recommend you use the Anaconda Distribution - it includes Python, NumPy, and other commonly used packages for scientific computing and data science.

NumPy can be installed with conda, with pip, or with a package manager on macOS and Linux. For more detailed instructions, consult our Python and NumPy installation guide below.

conda

If you use conda, you can install it with:

pip

If you use pip, you can install it with:

Installing and managing packages in Python is complicated, there are anumber of alternative solutions for most tasks. This guide tries to give thereader a sense of the best (or most popular) solutions, and give clearrecommendations. It focuses on users of Python, NumPy, and the PyData (ornumerical computing) stack on common operating systems and hardware.

Recommendations

We’ll start with recommendations based on the user’s experience level andoperating system of interest. If you’re in between “beginning” and “advanced”,please go with “beginning” if you want to keep things simple, and with“advanced” if you want to work according to best practices that go a longer wayin the future.

Beginning users

On all of Windows, macOS, and Linux:

  • Install Anaconda (it installs allpackages you need and all other tools mentioned below).
  • For writing and executing code, use notebooks inJupyterLab forexploratory and interactive computing, andSpyder or Visual Studio Codefor writing scripts and packages.
  • Use Anaconda Navigator tomanage your packages and start JupyterLab, Spyder, or Visual Studio Code.

Advanced users

Windows or macOS

  • Install Miniconda.
  • Keep the base conda environment minimal, and use one or moreconda environmentsto install the package you need for the task or project you’re working on.
  • Unless you’re fine with only the packages in the defaults channel, make conda-forgeyour default channel via setting the channel priority.

Linux

If you’re fine with slightly outdated packages and prefer stability over beingable to use the latest versions of libraries:

  • Use your OS package manager for as much as possible (Python itself, NumPy, andother libraries).
  • Install packages not provided by your package manager with pip install somepackage --user.

If you use a GPU:

  • Install Miniconda.
  • Keep the base conda environment minimal, and use one or moreconda environmentsto install the package you need for the task or project you’re working on.
  • Use the defaults conda channel (conda-forge doesn’t have good support forGPU packages yet).

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  • Install Miniforge.
  • Keep the base conda environment minimal, and use one or moreconda environmentsto install the package you need for the task or project you’re working on.

Alternative if you prefer pip/PyPI

For users who know, from personal preference or reading about the maindifferences between conda and pip below, they prefer a pip/PyPI-based solution,we recommend:

  • Install Python from, for example, python.org,Homebrew, or your Linux package manager.
  • Use Poetry as the most well-maintained toolthat provides a dependency resolver and environment management capabilitiesin a similar fashion as conda does.

Python package management

Managing packages is a challenging problem, and, as a result, there are lots oftools. For web and general purpose Python development there’s a wholehost of toolscomplementary with pip. For high-performance computing (HPC),Spack is worth considering. For most NumPyusers though, conda andpip are the two most popular tools. /download-houses-sims-4-mac.html.

Pip & conda

The two main tools that install Python packages are pip and conda. Theirfunctionality partially overlaps (e.g. both can install numpy), however, theycan also work together. We’ll discuss the major differences between pip andconda here - this is important to understand if you want to manage packageseffectively.

The first difference is that conda is cross-language and it can install Python,while pip is installed for a particular Python on your system and installs otherpackages to that same Python install only. This also means conda can installnon-Python libraries and tools you may need (e.g. compilers, CUDA, HDF5), whilepip can’t.

The second difference is that pip installs from the Python Packaging Index(PyPI), while conda installs from its own channels (typically “defaults” or“conda-forge”). PyPI is the largest collection of packages by far, however, allpopular packages are available for conda as well.

The third difference is that pip does not have a dependency resolver (this isexpected to change in the near future), while conda does. For simple cases (e.g.you just want NumPy, SciPy, Matplotlib, Pandas, Scikit-learn, and a few otherpackages) that doesn’t matter, however, for complicated cases conda can beexpected to do a better job keeping everything working well together. The flipside of that coin is that installing with pip is typically a lot faster thaninstalling with conda.

The fourth difference is that conda is an integrated solution for managingpackages, dependencies and environments, while with pip you may need anothertool (there are many!) for dealing with environments or complex dependencies.

Reproducible installs

Making the installation of all the packages your analysis, library orapplication depends on reproducible is important. Sounds obvious, yet mostusers don’t think about doing this (at least until it’s too late).

The problem with Python packaging is that sooner or later, something willbreak. It’s not often this bad,

but it does degrade over time. Hence, it’s important to be able to delete andreconstruct the set of packages you have installed.

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Best practice is to use a different environment per project you’re working on,and record at least the names (and preferably versions) of the packages youdirectly depend on in a static metadata file. Each packaging tool has its ownmetadata format for this:

  • Conda: conda environments and environment.yml
  • Pip: virtual environments andrequirements.txt
  • Poetry: virtual environments and pyproject.toml

Sometimes it’s too much overhead to create and switch between new environmentsfor small tasks. In that case we encourage you to not install too many packagesinto your base environment, and keep track of versions of packages some otherway (e.g. comments inside files, or printing numpy.__version__ afterimporting it in notebooks).

NumPy packages & accelerated linear algebra libraries

NumPy doesn’t depend on any other Python packages, however, it does depend on anaccelerated linear algebra library - typicallyIntel MKL orOpenBLAS. Users don’t have to worry aboutinstalling those, but it may still be important to understand how the packagingis done and how it affects performance and behavior users see.

The NumPy wheels on PyPI, which is what pip installs, are built with OpenBLAS.The OpenBLAS libraries are shipped within the wheels itself. This makes thosewheels larger, and if a user installs (for example) SciPy as well, they willnow have two copies of OpenBLAS on disk.

In the conda defaults channel, NumPy is built against Intel MKL. MKL is aseparate package that will be installed in the users’ environment when theyinstall NumPy. That MKL package is a lot larger than OpenBLAS, several hundredMB. MKL is typically a little faster and more robust than OpenBLAS.

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In the conda-forge channel, NumPy is built against a dummy “BLAS” package. Whena user installs NumPy from conda-forge, that BLAS package then gets installedtogether with the actual library - this defaults to OpenBLAS, but it can alsobe MKL (from the defaults channel), or evenBLIS or reference BLAS.

Besides install sizes, performance and robustness, there are two more things toconsider:

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  • Intel MKL is not open source. For normal use this is not a problem, but ifa user needs to redistribute an application built with NumPy, this could bean issue.
  • Both MKL and OpenBLAS will use multi-threading for function calls likenp.dot, with the number of threads being determined by both a build-timeoption and an environment variable. Often all CPU cores will be used. This issometimes unexpected for users; NumPy itself doesn’t auto-parallelize anyfunction calls. It can also be harmful for performance, for example whenusing another level of parallelization manually or with, e.g. Dask orscikit-learn functionality.